The 100 most-cited articles in The Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University Series pedagogy, 2023

This article examines the possibilities and prospects of using artificial intelligence and neural networks in student education. The use of these technologies can have a positive impact on the quality of education and provide more effective knowledge transfer. The authors of the article explore the possibilities of using neural networks in the study of professional disciplines by students of the specialty «Vocational Education (Digital Technologies)». Among the advantages of using artificial intelligence and neural networks in education are the optimization of the learning process, adaptive and individualized learning, increased motivation, and automatic assessment of knowledge and skills. Additionally, the possibility of using neural networks for data analysis is considered, which will allow students to improve the quality of research and increase the accuracy of results. Moreover, artificial intelligence systems can help ensure more effective remote learning. Furthermore, artificial intelligence can be applied to create virtual simulators and trainers, allowing students to acquire…

The article examines the problem of cyber security on the Internet; the main principles of improving the global culture of safe network interaction are clarified. Issues related to ensuring personal information security while using Internet systems are considered. Cyber security is an important issue in today’s world, and its protection requires an appropriate level of attention. The importance of knowledge about technologies and methods of protection against cyber threats for everyone who uses computer systems and the Internet is noted. The relevance of studying cyber security by students is considered. Because cyber threats can pose a serious threat to the security and privacy of personal information, it is important that students have knowledge of the basic technologies and techniques to protect themselves against cyber threats. Also, many students study digital technology and computer science, which makes knowledge about cyber security even more important. While students may study various aspects of cyber security as part of their degree program, it is important for them to…

Blockchain technology remains one of the hottest trends among financial, government and commercial organizations around the world. The article clarifies the main concepts and main characteristics of blockchain technology; today's topical areas of its application are shown. There has been given a detailed description of the problem of verification of educational documents in the real world, current attempts to solve them, their inherent shortcomings, as well as solving these problems using the development and implementation of an automated information system using blockchain technology is made. This is a system that will eliminate the possibility of falsification of educational documents and simplify work with them as much as possible. Technically, such a system guarantees the safety, authenticity and immutability of stored data; provides secure access with the possibility of optional extension of access rights to documents from the owners of the documents themselves. The application of blockchain technology ensures easy migration of existing data on issued educational documents,…

The integration of digital technologies with ordinary teaching and learning methods is a feature of higher education. Integration is growing rapidly, primarily due to the quick development of digital technologies and the enhancement of digital skills of both students and teachers. Digital technologies bring about powerful changes in the educational system. Expansion of an access to devices and communication increases students’ digital literacy. The development of learning environment and free online resources change the ways in which students get access to information and obtain new knowledge. Blended learning is an innovative teaching method today. The article substantiates the role of blended learning in the digital transformation of higher education, analyses the implementation of blended learning models in the educational process of a higher education institution. The advantages of using blended learning in the educational process and the key factors of an effective blended learning environment have been determined. The “Flipped Classroom” learning model has been substantiated…

Modern youth must orient themselves to new technologies, possess a wide range of competencies, make independent decisions, and show a creative approach to solving emerging problems. The presence of all the listed aspects in the younger generation can be guaranteed only by developing research skills. However, it is necessary to form these skills taking into account the requirements of the modern world and the accelerating technological progress. The phenomenon of STEM education, which is gaining popularity, can be considered one of the areas of innovation in recent pedagogy. Many countries are already implementing STEM ideas in educational institutions, achieving positive results in increasing the importance of education. The relevance of the study is confirmed by the presence contradiction between the need to modernize approaches, forms, methods, technologies for the formation of research skills and the predominance of traditional education models. The revealed contradiction allowed us to formulate a research problem: what are the possibilities of using STEM education in the process…

The article examines the problem of developing criteria and indicators for diagnosing the formation of methodical competence in future officers - specialists in physical training and sports in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. An analysis of scientific works and a summary of information on the diagnosis of the formation of methodological competence in future officers, in particular specialists in physical training and sports, have been carried out. The content of the concepts of criteria and indicators has been determined and justified. The appropriate criteria and indicators necessary for diagnosing the formation of methodical competence have been selected, taking into account their military-professional, professional, and methodological functions as a military teacher, as well as the research tasks set in the scientific study. The importance of forming the methodical competence of future officers, specialists in physical training and sports has been proven, which directly affects the effectiveness of their military-professional and, most importantly, professional activities in both…

The article singles out the urgent problem of updating the content of the professional training of the vocational education pedagogues, which, from the modern point of view, should cover the issues of organizing the educational process in the digital environment, the features of the “digital generation” and the methods of their education and upbringing. The readiness to introduce ideas about the digital transformation of the agricultural sector in the content of such specialists' digital competence has been expediency taken into account. The essence and content of the professional digital competence of future vocational education pedagogues for the agro-industrial area and its essential components have been revealed. It has been found such competence can be interpreted as a certain level of specialist's readiness to communicate, associate and collaborate safely, develop digital educational resources and solve professional problems with ICT and tools. The complex systemic nature of the professional digital competence of the future vocational education pedagogues in the…

У статті виокремлено й теоретично обґрунтовано комплекс педагогічних умов професійної підготовки майбутніх перекладачів до локалізації. Процеси подальшого оновлення системи вищої лінгвістичної освіти об’єктивно спрямовані насамперед на забезпечення потреб суспільства й держави у кваліфікованих перекладачах, що передбачає відповідні зміни в професійній підготовці, розвитку та саморозвитку особистості майбутніх перекладацьких кадрів у напрямі формування готовності до локалізації. Під педагогічними умовами професійної підготовки майбутніх перекладачів до локалізації розуміємо сукупність взаємозалежних факторів освітнього середовища ЗВО (об’єктивних можливостей змісту навчання, методів, організаційних форм і матеріальних можливостей їхнього здійснення), конструювання яких базується на впровадженні авторських навчально-методичних матеріалів у процес навчально-пізнавальної діяльності студентів, що забезпечуватиме успішне досягнення мети дослідження. На основі семантично-порівняльного аналізу визначень категорії «педагогічні умови» конкретизовано перелік положень, значущих для…

Computer geometric modeling is a necessary component of the design process in modern engineering. This is a technological process that allows you to create virtual objects and systems using computer programs and specialized algorithms. Computer geometric modeling is used in many fields of engineering, including construction, mechanical engineering, aviation, medicine, and others. One of the main tasks that can be solved with the help of computer geometric modeling is the design of buildings and structures. Construction is one of the most complex and costly industries, where ensuring the safety and efficiency of projects is a particularly important task. Computer geometric modeling allows civil engineers to create and analyze virtual 3D models of buildings, which greatly facilitates the design process and increases the quality and efficiency of projects. The purpose of this article is to study the importance of computer geometric modeling technologies for future civil engineers and their motivation for project activities. The article is devoted to the study of the impact of computer…

The article is dedicated to exploring the possibilities of using VR technologies in the educational process, specifically virtual tours. The relevance of using virtual tours in the modern world is described, and an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of using this technology in educational institutions, educational and extracurricular events is conducted. The main skills and competencies that can be developed with the help of VR technologies are identified. The possibilities of applications for creating virtual tours are analyzed, with particular emphasis on the Panotour Pro program as a tool for creating virtual tours. Instructions on how to use the program and the process of creating a virtual tour of an architectural monument are provided. Additionally, the article presents the results of an experimental study that demonstrated the positive impact of virtual tours on learning quality and the development of specific competencies in students. Promising directions for the application of this technology in educational institutions are identified. The article explores the…

The article present the model of the system for remote learning of robot programming, It is built on the basis of the core of the platform, which consists of four layers: the infrastructure layer contains elements that are necessary for the functioning of the ecosystem, and features of the placement of the hardware of this system relative to each other; the hardware layer is a set of devices that make up the hardware configuration of the system: robots, computers which they are connected to, web cameras which are to display the positions of all functional nodes of the robot in detail; the software layer, which includes software tools that support the display of several webcams, an environment for programming and code compilation; the communication layer, which includes the communication channels between the robot and the computer, which will be accessed remotely, as well as the computer’s access to the Internet. The implementation of the model is to be carried out in the following directions: information and consultation; educational one; popularization of robotics and scientific…

The article clarifies the essence of the humanistic tradition in teaching foreign languages to students, substantiates the need for actualising the humanistic potential of foreign language training for the purpose of intellectual and spiritual enhancement of the individual, as a result of realizing the creative nature of language, which is an external manifestation of the spirit of the nation that enables thinking and cognition. Since each language structures objective reality and describes the familiar world in its own way, familiarization in the process of mastering a foreign language with another culture, another language system and means of interpreting reality constitutes the humanistic value of foreign language training, which takes the individual to a new level of world perception in the general cultural context, in which the highest priority is personality, humanity, dignity, freedom of choice, and the rule of law, etc. Thus, the relevance of this study lies in clarifying the regularities of foreign language training of students from the point of view of the intellectual and…

The article highlights the ways to ensure the assimilation of syntactic knowledge and punctuation rules of linguistic didactic vectorization of the traditional and interactive methodology of acquiring punctuation skills and abilities using a system of exercises. An analysis of linguistic didactic research on the topic was carried out and a conclusion was drawn about the need to improve the system of syntactic and punctuational traditional and interactive exercises. As a result, attention is focused on the concepts of “exercises”, “system of exercises”, “tasks” which are relevant for the development of students' punctuation literacy; information about traditional and interactive exercises as vectors of the linguistic didactic methodology of developing punctuation skills is highlighted; a classification of syntactic and punctuational exercises and tasks aimed at developing automated abilities and skills of using separate and distinguishing punctuation marks in writing is proposed. Particular attention is paid to the characteristic features of punctuation marks – separating and…

Окреслено сутнісні характеристики найбільш використовуваних технологій доповненої реальності у сучасній школі України. Шляхом анкетування визначено труднощі, з якими стикаються вчителі-практики і студенти в контексті реалізації проблеми. Виокремлені критерії, на основі яких доцільно окреслювати перелік навчальних додатків доповненої реальності, з якими доцільно ознайомлювати майбутніх учителів (зрозумілість інтерфейсу, ступінь популяризації в Україні, технічна доступність, якість контенту програми, відповідність віковим особливостям школярів). Запропоновано методичну систему формування у майбутніх учителів умінь використовувати технології доповненої реальності в процесі вивчення фізики, хімії, біології, природничих наук. Вона складається із двох підсистем, в яких поєднуються прямий та опосередкований шляхи формування умінь: I підсистема – спеціальне цілеспрямоване формування відповідних умінь у здобувачів першого (бакалаврського) рівня вищої освіти (прямий шлях); II підсистема – практичне застосування набутих умінь здобувачами другого (магістерського) рівня вищої освіти, які…

Висвітлено актуальну проблему формування публічного мовлення старшокласників на уроках української мови, що зумовлено освітніми потребами суспільства з розвитку комунікаційної культури. Розроблено науково обґрунтовану методичну систему тренувальних завдань для формування навичок публічного мовлення на аспектних уроках і розвитку зв’язного мовлення, так званих уроках красномовства, з урахуванням теоретично-практичних основ програми. Зосереджено увагу на використанні допоміжних опор як засобів, що сприяють продукуванню публічного мовлення старшокласників, вказують на зміст висловлювання, забезпечують лексикою, спонукають до створення монологічних і діалогічних (полілогічних) текстів. Установлено, що допоміжними опорами у процесі формування публічного мовлення старшокласників можуть служити: вербально описана або природна ситуація, зміст художнього твору, почутого чи прочитаного, засоби образотворчого мистецтва, запропонована тема, почута інформація, результати спостереження, емоційний стан мовця, зразок тексту для продукування за аналогією, початок чи кінець тексту, слова,…

У статті визначено зміст професійної спрямованості підготовки ліцеїстів у педагогічному ліцеї як психолого-педагогічного феномена, що відображає цілепокладання та усвідомлення мети і засобів особистісного саморозвитку учнів ліцею. Охарактеризовано професійну спрямованість як систему емоційно-ціннісних ставлень до навчальної та спортивної діяльності, ієрархічну структуру мотивів, які спонукають учнів ліцею до самовдосконалення. З’ясовано, що освітня діяльність ліцеїста ґрунтується на потребі в пізнанні, інтересі як формі прояву пізнавальної потреби, що забезпечує спрямованість особистості на усвідомлення цілей діяльності, оволодіння знаннями. Інтерес-мотив до освітньої і спортивної діяльності виявляється у спрямованості уваги, думок і характеризується емоційною привабливістю. Спрямованість особистості ліцеїста забезпечує усвідомлення мети як передумови діяльності, мобілізацію засобів, за допомогою яких її досягають. В основі спрямованості учня – мотиваційна сфера, в основі якої лежить пізнавальна потреба. У дослідженні узагальнено досвід профільного навчання учнів Тернопільського…

The study focuses on improving the quality of using recurrent neural networks (RNNs) in price forecasting in the cryptocurrency market.

The relevance of the study is justified by the fact that all levels of education, in particular primary, direct their activities to the display of information and communication between the participants of the educational process through the use of digital means. This is due to the scientific and technical progress, reforms, cognitive and age needs of younger schoolchildren. According to the State Standard of Primary Education, information and communication competence should be formed in pupils of the 1st grade, in the structure of which information and digital skills are singled out. The purpose of the article is to clarify the essence of the concept of «information and digital skills», to characterize the types and content of information and digital skills of primary school pupils. The following methods were used during the research: studying of regulatory documents and psychological and pedagogical literature, analysis, synthesis, generalization and specification. The article clarifies the essence of the concept of «information and digital skills» as the ability to process digital…

The article describes the features of the gamification technologies used in the educational process of SMART-TNPU, based on the work experience of researchers of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University (TNPU). An analysis of the game technologies implementation in the process of learning computer science at the university and general secondary education institutions was conducted. In the conditions of martial law, the situation with gamification of education is considered, the role of gamification in the educational process is determined. Significant achievements of the teachers of the Department of Computer Science in the study of problems related to the game technologies used in classes with different age groups of pupils and students are described. The conducted research helped to identify the main playgrounds and platforms that contribute to the development of digital competences of the participants of the educational process, help them create their own game projects. Approaches to the stages of implementing gamification in the SMART-TNPU system have been…

The study is devoted to the problem of improving the content of the business Ukrainian course in a higher educational institution. Based on the relevance of the problem of modernizing the theoretical part of the “Business Ukrainian” course, the author defines the purpose of the article – to analyze the content components outlined in the educational program of the discipline, to select specific topics from the educational modules that need to be corrected, and to propose additional lecturing materials. It is emphasized that in the process of studying the discipline, the linguistic and communicative professional competence of the future specialists of various specialties is formed. The content of the educational program on the Ukrainian language should reflect the main trends in the development of Ukrainian linguistics and linguomethodology. Taking into account the changes in modern science and the cultural and political life of society, the researcher emphasizes the need to update the lecture material of the academic discipline; at the same time, one should be guided by the…

Motivation of the future philology teachers to educational activity is an important part of students’ training at higher education institutions. The desire of applicants to acquire professional knowledge, to form skills and abilities that will form the basis of their pedagogical activities in the future, should become the main factor that encourages them to conscious study of the disciplines of general and professional training. The value-motivational aspect of philology students’ teaching involves creating a supportive environment at the institution to satisfy the interests and needs of students, taking into account their personal qualities, level of cognitive activity, readiness to realize themselves in society, understanding the importance of their future profession, etc. In the conditions of Russian aggression, the problem of motivation of students’; educational activities is actualized, since the war affected not only the form of education and its organization, but also the attitude, personal motives, and approaches of the students to the future professional activity in the…

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the leading scientific approaches to the problem of forming the readiness of future music specialists for professional self-improvement. The role and place of the scientific approach in the structure of methodology as a teaching is determined, and its definition is defined. The analysis of such scientific approaches as: acmeological, synergistic, person-oriented, cultural, axiological, activity, environmental, from the standpoint of which the leading aspects of the problem of professional self-improvement in the professional training of future teachers were investigated and certain features of the implementation of the process of forming the readiness of future teachers-musicians for the specified activity. It was determined that the acmeological approach in the context of the research problem acts as a process of conscious development of potential opportunities, qualities and properties of the individual; the cultural approach involves the formation of the professional worldview of future specialists, their personal and professional…

The article considers the use of case-study method while studying of the topic “Equations with partial derivatives of the hyperbolic type” from the course “Methods of mathematical physics”. The requirements for the educational institutions are outlined in accordance with the concept of mathematical education in Ukraine. The emphasis is placed on the system-activity approach to the learning process. Attention is focused on the necessity to use the method of problem-based learning and one of its forms – the case method. There has been analyzed the concept of a case. There have been described the advantages of the case-study method and the system of requirements for it. There has been revealed the importance of choosing the topic “Equations with partial derivatives of the hyperbolic type” related to its applied nature. The article demonstrates the main stages of the research work of students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics in establishing the minimum conditions for the solvability of a mixed problem for a linear homogeneous hyperbolic equation. The paper also identifies and…

The relevance of the study is determined by the current level of development of the educational process in preschool education institutions in accordance with educational innovations and reforms. It is indicated that the educational process must comply with the updated State Standard of Preschool Education and ensure the quality of preschool education in accordance with European requirements. It is noted that the subject-play environment of a preschool education institution is one of the criteria by which the quality of the educational process is assessed, which determines the importance of its study by future preschool teachers. The purpose of the article is to generalize the content of theoretical and practical training of future educators for the design of the subject-play environment of the preschool education institution based on the material of the boardgame center. The following methods were used for the research: definitive, structural and comparative analysis, generalization, etc. Interrelationships between the key concepts of the content of the theoretical training of…

The article examines the problem of postgraduate education of kindergarten educators in the system of continuous education of the Republic of Poland. The article emphasizes the significance of lifelong learning and continuous education in the modern world, particularly in acquiring precise and specialized knowledge and skills necessary for professional, scientific, and technical activities. Based on scientific evidence, the article asserts that the system of advanced training for kindergarten educators through postgraduate education serves as a vital resource for continuous education and contributes to the country’s effective political, socio-economic, and cultural development. In the context of studying the problem of postgraduate pedagogical education of kindergarten educators in the system of continuous education of the Republic of Poland, the Polish model of professional training of future kindergarten educators has been considered. The legal requirements set out in a number of provisions of the current legislation of the Republic of Poland regarding the professional…

The paper covers the analysis of the problem of finding effective pedagogical conditions for the development of foreign language competence of students majoring in power engineering in higher educational institutions. The paper proposes solutions to this problem. The paper presents the author's own definition of "pedagogical conditions" as a set of targeted measures that organize and facilitate the educational process, focusing on students' professional and foreign language competence. These measures are influenced by external and internal factors, various forms of educational and scientific work, as well as modern methodologies and innovative technologies. Their purpose is to foster comprehensive personality development and provide professional training for future energy engineers in accordance with current requirements. Through a survey conducted among scientific and pedagogical staff of technical universities, along with the author's own experience, the main pedagogical conditions that foster a favorable educational environment for developing foreign language competence among…

The essence, content and structure of leadership competence of future officers - specialists in physical education and sports are substantiated. The views of domestic and foreign scientists regarding the essence of the concept of «leadership competence of specialists» were analyzed. The content of the leadership competence of future officers - specialists in physical culture and sports is defined and revealed, and it is indicated that their leadership competence represents an integrated component of military-professional competence, which combines values and motivation of leadership behavior and activity, leadership qualities as a military specialist, his leadership theoretical and practical preparedness, ability and willingness to solve professional and professional problems and tasks in accordance with job duties with the actualization of leadership knowledge, abilities, skills, values, motivation and professionally important leadership qualities acquired during professional training. Based on the generalization of scientific sources, taking into account the specifics of the…

The peculiarities of the implementation of the educational process in secondary and higher education institutions under martial law are characterized. The need to adapt educational content to modern realities is indicated. The relevance of the use of innovative means of training future specialists in technological education, as well as high school students in the lessons of labor training (technology) is substantiated. The potential possibilities of the QR-generator as an innovative means of educational activity of participants in the educational process of secondary and higher education institutions are outlined. The methodical aspects of its application in the process of creating a teacher’s (lecturer’s) V-card, as well as the project activities of future technological education specialists are determined. An experimental study of the effectiveness of the use of the QR-generator in the educational process of secondary and higher education institutions was conducted. The conclusions from the conducted research are substantiated: the use of the QR code generator in educational…

It has been found that the use of information and communication technologies in the educational process of higher education institutions is predetermined by the urgent need of training future teachers to be able to perform their professional functions in the modern society. As information is increasingly becoming a socially significant resource, it requires highly qualified specialists who have a good command of ICT and effectively use them in their professional activities. It is worth noting that in educational activities, it is often necessary to use laboratory equipment, stands and complexes in order to increase the visibility of various phenomena and processes, so information and communication technologies are part of such complex that should perform various functions. It has been established that the large-scale introduction of information and communication technologies into the educational process leads to the fact that future teachers and pedagogues can be separated in the educational process and in space and time, but at the same time there is an alleged face-to-face…

The importance of methods of teaching computer science in the professional development of students who obtain the qualification of “teacher of computer science” in the educational and professional program “Secondary Education (Computer Science)“ is revealed. On the basis of the interpretation of the concepts of “methodology“ and “methodology of teaching the subject“, the author’s vision of the content of the curriculum in the discipline “Methods of teaching computer science“ is formulated. The educational and professional programs of higher education institutions regarding the availability of the mentioned discipline and the peculiarities of its study, in particular, at Rivne State University of Humanities have been analyzed. The purpose of studying computer science methods is formulated and the tasks (educational, cognitive, educational, practical), the solution of which contributes to the acquisition by students of awareness of the organization of the educational process in computer science in general secondary education institutions, the use of hardware and software, the…

Digital transformation of education affects all levels of learning and requires subject teachers to undergo relevant professional development. The article discusses the current issue of professional development of subject teachers in the context of digital transformation of education. Challenges and opportunities that arise for subject teachers during the process of digital transformation of education, such as the use of digital technologies, virtual resources, online learning, individualized learning, etc., are analyzed. The importance of developing digital literacy and professional competencies of subject teachers for successful work in the digital environment is explored. Various strategies and approaches to professional development of subject teachers are also considered, such as pedagogical courses, trainings, professional collaboration networks, etc. The article concludes with conclusions and recommendations for further professional development of subject teachers in the context of digital transformation of education, including the development of digital literacy, adaptation…

The article analyzes the motivational component of mathematics textbooks for students of grades 2–4 at the beginning of the 21st century, the author of which is the well-known Ukrainian researcher and methodologist M. Bohdanovych. It is significant that these textbooks were used as alternative textbooks by most primary school teachers in Ukraine during the specified period. The analysis was carried out according to our elaborated methodology for studying the motivational component of textbooks designed for younger schoolchildren, which includes the following components: emotionality of the content of the educational material; ways of its didactic organization; textbook design. Ways to implement the motivational function of mathematics textbooks at the beginning of the 21st century for primary school have been described. It was done according to the first component which is the most productive and gives a general idea of the motivational component of the textbook. In particular, mathematics textbooks of the beginning of the 21st century were analyzed according to the criterion of…

The article deals with the theoretical and practical aspect of using «word clouds» to create activities when teaching philological disciplines aimed at the formation of the professional and communicative competency (development of language and professional competences) of foreign students of the medical faculty whose language of instruction is English. It is worth mentioning that the tasks created using the «Word Cloud» technology integrate work with lexical material (lexemes, phrases, sentences) and controlled as well as free practice on producing utterances on professional topics, dialogue simulation according to various models (doctor – hypochondriac patient, doctor – inattentive patient, doctor – talkative patient, doctor – silent patient, doctor – hostile patient), which contributes to the implementation of speech behaviour tactics to achieve the communication goal, demonstrating a good command of the techniques aimed at establishing professional contacts. It is stressed that foreign students established logical and semantic connections between lexemes / phrases / sentences…

The full-scale invasion of Russian troops into Ukraine prompted the Ministry of Education and Science to organize the educational process under martial law and introduce restrictions that would guarantee the safety of students and teaching staff. Universities have started the educational process in 2022–2023 in different formats, taking into account the security situation in the region, guided by the Recommendations of the Ministry of Education and Culture of Ukraine and within the limits of their autonomy. Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatyuk National University began to work in a mode that is as close as possible to the traditional format, with a flexible application of elements of blended learning. The purpose of the article is to characterize the peculiarities of the organization of blended learning in the conditions of martial law. The views of scientists on the definition of the term «blended learning» were analyzed and the ways of implementing the distance learning format at the university were outlined. The main focus is on the use of the educational content management system MOODLE…

The features of digital tools and educational platforms are considered. It is noted that the Google Workspace for Education package has all the necessary functionality for the implementation of distance learning in full. The use of Digital Tools Google in the educational process at Lutsk National Technical University has been analyzed in accordance with the ranking method. It was determined that teachers most often use Google Drive to store information in cloud storage and co-edit documents (84 % of respondents), and Google Meet – to organize lectures remotely (72 % of respondents). Most teachers consider it possible to transfer lectures and consultations to a remote format, but it is advisable to conduct practical classes in a classroom layout, which involves face-to-face communication between teachers and students and the use of university educational equipment. A functional scheme of organization of training with the help of digital tools Google has been suggested. Its use is recommended both for personal purpose in the design of the discipline, and for conducting trainings for…

The study deals with the competence approach as the basis for the educational reform of the New Ukrainian School, in part, analyzes regulatory, legal and scientific approaches to comprehension of competency-based learning. The implementation of the competence approach is examined on the example of model curricula “Ukrainian language. Grades 5-6” for general secondary education institutions on the basis of which philology teachers devise their working curricula of the discipline “Ukrainian Language”, bilingual or integrated courses. Comparative analysis of model curricula declares their correspondence to the State Standard of Basic Secondary Education and the implementation of the competence direction of the language and literary scope of education. It is pointed out that the key parts of the curricula contain result, content and activity components. The advantages of each of the analyzed curricula are described. It is proved that the competence direction of programs is realized through the effectiveness and activity components. The expected learning outcomes demonstrate the level of…

The article deals with the peculiarities of TIMSS international research program natural science component. The relevance of the primary science education research by means of TIMSS has been substantiated: the international research covers more than 50 world countries; it defines an opportunity for teachers and scientists to assess the state of primary students’ scientific literacy in comparison with other countries; the factors influencing the quality of natural science education have been found out; ways to improve the content of the natural science training in the primary school have been defined. The purpose of the article is to compare the content of the natural science by primary typical curriculum and the TIMSS international program, to suggest the ways to improve the natural science education of primary school students in domestic school. The Research methods – comparative analysis, generalization of results. A comparative analysis of the natural education content within a typical primary curriculum and the international TIMSS program for the 4th grade students has been…

The actuality of the study is determined by the need for reaction of teachers and scientists to the phenomena that children reflect in the game – military actions. The professional inadequacy of the methodology for organizing military-themed games encourages scientific research to provide adequate support to teachers and practitioners in wartime. The purpose of the article is to determine the features of military toys, toy weapons usage investigating the theme of war in preschool children’s play activities by analyzing and summarizing the views of child psychologists, psychotherapists, kindergarten teachers and scientists. The following methods were used for the study: analysis, generalization, synthesis. The idea of leisure militarization penetrated not only the games of preschool children, but also children of middle and high school age. The main mechanics were to seize territories and increase military power: men’s and technical. If the role of an adult does not have a purposeful positive impact, then such games will be identified by spontaneity, conflict, consolidation of…

Attention is focused on the importance of improving the quality of music teacher training by achieving the necessary competencies related to music-making technologies on Ukrainian folk instruments in the process of conducting music lessons in secondary schools, managing children's instrumental ensembles in out-of-school education institutions. Work experience while teaching the course «Instrumental science and methods of working with a children's music group» at TNPU is highlighted. The basic conditions that affect the development and process of formation of professional skills and skills of playing in an instrumental ensemble among students, as well as the management of a children's musical group based on mastering the methods of working with a homogeneous and mixed composition of folk traditional instruments of a children's instrumental ensemble, didactic principles and knowledge of performance, are analyzed on such instruments. The process of preparing a future music teacher for the organization and implementation of collective performance instrumental and creative activity of…

The article substantiates the relevance for Ukraine of ensuring the functional stability of all-wheel drive trucks.Formulated methodical bases for solving new problems of their use with variable state parameters and working conditions.In Ukraine, as in the world in general, the trend of transition and growth of the specific share in the total fleet of all-wheeldrive trucks for utility, construction, military and other spheres has become obvious. These cars are operated mainly ondirt roads in difficult climatic conditions in the absence of stationary maintenance and repair facilities. For these cars, it isnecessary to carry out theoretical studies and practical recommendations in the direction of ensuring their functionalstability. New problems of all-wheel drive trucks that need to be solved: development of the functional stability algorithm;increasing stability, controllability and maneuverability; dynamic stabilization based on the analysis of the acceleration oftheir movement; substantiation of the method of assessing working capacity based on variable state…

This article presents a conceptual approach to modelling city traffic management and identifying competitive routesusing intelligent transportation systems. It argues that modelling traffic in transport streams, considering the behaviour ofeach individual vehicle, yields the most reliable results for real-time modelling of specific intersections in city trafficmanagement. The proposed methodology for developing an algorithm to detect competitive routes allows users to choosethe optimum route. The method is based on the statistical relationship between route indicators and helps to accuratelycalculate the demand for the implementation and improvement of the transportation network with subsequent changes inits operation. Redistribution of traffic flows for the identification of competitive routes in transport corridors and the impactof random variable values on route indicators are discussed. It is proven that the probability of describing the distributionof intervals between vehicles entering the network is of utmost importance for describing processes in a transport corridor,with…

The article provides a theoretical basis for the effectiveness of a high-speed transport unit, which results in increased productivity, reliability and durability of the robot, an increase in traction power, friction strength, durability, and reduction in The cost of firing the tractor is based on the mutually consistent and basic dynamic and kinematic conditions of the tractor and the trailer.

A mathematical model describing the features of traction calculation of self-propelled chassis in a hinged unit isconsidered. The peculiarities of applying a typical traction calculation to self-propelled chassis are analysed, in particular,taking into account the distribution of forces and moments in the longitudinal-vertical plane, which affect the couplingand traction capacities of the chassis. The paper considers aggregation, in which the self-propelled chassis is loaded withthe weight of the machine, which in turn affects the vertical component of the soil reaction on the working bodies. Thecalculation of traction resistance takes into account the part of the rolling resistance force caused by the normal loading ofthe self-propelled chassis from the forceful impact of the mounted machinesThus, the traction resistance of a mounted machine in a machine generally consists of the horizontal component ofthe soil reaction on the working members and the rolling resistance force caused by the tractor or self-propelled chassisloading during operation. The ratio of these components in…

In the conditions of deterioration of the environment due to emissions and reduction of fossil fuel reserves in various industrial sectors, the transfer of funds to alternative clean energy is a promising way. This development encourages the modernization not only of automobiles, but also of other specialized vehicles, such as wheeled tractors. In agriculture, tractors of various traction classes are used for traction and transport work. Today, the development of electric driveconstruction technology is advisable to implement in small-class tractors, which are intended for inter-row processing of row crops, plowing light soils in gardens and greenhouses, for working with a mower, as well as for small transport works. Therefore, the material of this article aims to provide a technical justification for the choice of an electric motor and a structural scheme of a power plant when building an electric tractor of a small traction class. When solving the set goal, atechnique was used that allowed to analyze the existing electric motors used in electric drives of related industries, as…

The article describes the problems of energy-technological adaptation of general purpose tractors. It was determinedthat the energy-technological adaptation of general-purpose tractors is evaluated by the degree of reduction of its energyconsumption in agricultural technologies when realizing the biopotential of agricultural crops. Grounded traction andenergy modes of tractor operation for the main groups of tillage with unstable traction load. It has been proven that theimplementation of traction and energy indicators of the tractor is effective in assessing their relationship with thebiopotential of cultivated agricultural crops. The theoretically justified and practically implemented method of ensuringthe correspondence of the energy consumption of the tractor unit and the energy loss of the crop of cultivated agriculturalcrops. The proposed method of assessing the biopotential of varietal capabilities of the main agricultural crops is based onthe optimization of the technological process, as well as fertilizers, taking into account meteorological factors and thenatural potential…

The paper considers options for converting the AMK-24/56 airfield multi-purpose air conditioner, mounted on theZIL-131N chassis, by replacing the ZMZ-511 additional power plant placed in the body. Existing approaches to evaluatingthe quality of replacement of power plants provide for their use as the main power unit that ensures the movement of thevehicle. At the same time, indicators of fuel economy and toxicity or indicators of traction and speed properties of carsare laid as the basis of the comparative analysis. Since the additional power plant of the airfield multi-purpose airconditioner, which is not used to ensure the movement of the car chassis, was to be replaced, an expert method of multicriteriaevaluation of the quality of power unit replacement (PU) was proposed. The development of the proposedmethodology was carried out on the basis of a systematic approach and the application of the theory of fuzzy sets. Toolsbuilt on the basis of fuzzy set theory methods allow minimizing the impact of subjective uncertainty and enable decisionmakersto adjust and refine expert…

In the article the problems of applying the Art. 304 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, related to the objectiveside of the corresponding criminal offense is researched, namely: determination of the scope of the act afteramendments to the norm in 2018, establishment of the moment of the end of the crime and the construction of itscorpus delicti.Narrow and literal approaches to determining the scope of the act are highlighted. Due to the lack of logicalcontradictions, a narrow approach is supported, which includes involvement in the commission of criminal offenses, in thecommission of acts that are objectively criminally illegal, as well as in drinking, begging, and gambling.With regard to establishing the moment of the end of the crime, based on the study of the provisions of the resolutionof the Plenum of the Supreme Court of Ukraine «On the application by courts of the legislation on responsibility for theinvolvement of minors in criminal or other anti-social activities» dated February 27, 2004 No. 2 (according to paragraph 3,item 5, paragraph 1 item 5 and paragraph 5 item 5), which…

The article is devoted to defining the main aspects of the strategy of normalization of electronic evidence in thecriminal proceedings of Ukraine. The work solves such tasks as justifying the feasibility of institutionalization of digitalevidence, identification and systematization of the main practical challenges (possible dangers) associated with theoperation of digital evidence, formulation of the main strategic and tactical aspects of the institutionalization of digitalevidence in the national criminal procedural legislation. The work proves that the need to standardize the set of issuesrelated to the use of electronic evidence in criminal proceedings in the Criminal Procedure Code is urgent, and the stateof war has made it even more urgent.The main aspects of the normative strategy of institutionalization of digital evidence in the criminal procedurallegislation of Ukraine are determined, which include: recognition of digital evidence as a separate source of evidencein criminal proceedings; modernization of the criminal procedural mechanism for collecting electronic…

The article analyzes the current of legal legal provisions on the issue whether virtual assets can be subject to specialconfiscation under the criminal law of Ukraine. In this regard the subject of special confiscation is analyzed accordingto part 1 of Art. 96–1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It establishes that special confiscation can be applied to virtualassets only if the virtual assets are of a property nature.An analysis of the positions of international institutions (European Banking Authority, International Monetary Fund,Financial Action Task Force, Bank for International Settlements etc.) in terms of natural virtual assets is carried out.There are grounds for conclusion that international practice consider that virtual assets have property nature. In thisregard the position of Supreme Court of New Zealand is analyzed.Also, it has been established that for a long time there have been no legislative provisions regarding virtual assetsin Ukraine. The judicial practice of Ukraine initially did not recognize virtual assets as the subject of any legal relationship,however, the…

In the article, the authors identified challenges in developing a program of differentiated educational influence anda program of psychological support for convicted war veterans. The urgency of the problem stated in the topic is justifiedby the increase in the number of convicted war veterans in Ukraine, the need to develop probation programs for suchconvicts, existing contradictions in the content of the current program of differentiated educational influence on convicts«Preparation for the release of war veterans who took a direct part in the anti-terrorist operation / operation «UnitedForces». The authors also analyzed the content of the psychological support program for convicted war veterans fromthe standpoint of compliance with the general provisions and principles of psychological rehabilitation. The article statesthat at the present time there is a clear need to build nationally determined social and educational work, psychologicalrehabilitation of such convicts, use of the best world practices based on in-depth research of personal qualities andcharacteristics traumatic…

The article is devoted to the study of international and national standards in the field of combating pornographyrelatedactivities. The author classifies international acts in the area under study depending on the nature of their mandatoryprovisions (mandatory and recommendatory standards). Within the framework of mandatory standards, the authoradditionally divides them by the criterion of the direct subject matter of regulation. It is established that currently onlyactivities related to child pornography are recognized as criminalized at the international level.It is noted that national standards in this area cover the issues of restricting not only child pornographic content, butalso the content produced by «adults for adults». It is emphasized that there is currently a gap in Ukrainian legislationin the form of the absence of a definition of «pornography» as a generic concept, which can be eliminated by adoptingDraft Law № 9623, which, among other things, proposes to decriminalize acts related to pornography in the part thatdoes not pose a public danger. The proposed amendments…

The article is devoted to the analysis of the influence of modern transport philosophy on the nature of crime. It wasconcluded that transport philosophy in its general form can be presented as a special branch of knowledge that investigatesthe impact of transport in the broadest sense of the word on various aspects of human life – economy, social sphere,ecology, culture, even politics and military affairs, etc. The human effort to always be mobile, moving through space,especially in the 20th century. led to the posing of a whole series of questions regarding its interaction with vehicles and,accordingly, the impact of transport on human existence in the paradigm of mobility. It was established that this influenceis not always positive. At the same time, the negative impact mostly becomes such because of human actions. Transportcan often become a subject of criminal interest on the part of individuals. The article provides relevant criminal statisticsof Ukraine.The author concludes that the analysis of the philosophy of transport from the standpoint of criminological scienceallows us…

Review of the collective monograph «Introduction to the problem of digitalization of criminal proceedings»

In the article the available scientific approaches to the definition of criminal law policy are considered. This was donein order to define the policy of treatment of convicts and to identify functional dependencies between these types of policiesaffecting crime. It is noted that criminal law policy is understood as the activity of state authorities, a set of management measures,strategy, basic legal and political ideas. At the same time, the subjects of the mentioned activity are state bodies, authorizedbodies, state authorities, and society. Considering the correlational relations of subordination that exist between thecriminal law policy and the policy of treatment of convicts, there are reasons to consider the latter as an activity, strategy,ideas and a set of measures in this area.The scientific concept is analyzed, according to which the criminal law policy is a multifaceted phenomenon, whichleads to the possibility of its interpretation in different meanings: the activity of the state to combat crime by meansof criminal law; an ideal model or state concept for the…

The article deals with punishments for committing criminal offenses against information security. It was establishedthat criminal offenses against information security can be conditionally divided into three groups: criminal offenses in thefield of use of electronic computing machines (computers), systems and computer networks and telecommunicationsnetworks (Articles 361, 3611, 3612, 362, 363, 3631 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); criminal offenses encroachingon public relations in the sphere of protection of state secrets and other information that ensures the state’s defensecapability (Article 111 – in the part of espionage, 114, 1142, 328, 329, 330 – in the part of information collected in theprocess counter-intelligence activities and in the field of defense of the country, and 422 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine);criminal offenses aimed at the information space of the state (art. 109 – in the part of public calls for violent changeor overthrow of the constitutional order or for the seizure of state power, as well as the distribution of materials with callsfor such actions, 110…

The article examines the phenomenon of latency of privacy violations, its level and causes. This research is relevant,because establishing the real scale of privacy violations and determining the actual criminogenic situation is an importantcomponent of the development and implementation of effective measures to prevent and counter such criminal manifestations.It is emphasized that official statistics indicate a small number of violations of privacy and related criminal offenses,but the results of sociological surveys speak of a diametrically opposite situation. From year to year, more and more suchoffenses are recorded, but the author assumes that this was not due to the fact that there were more such violations, butdue to an increase in the number of statements about their commission to law enforcement agencies. By using sociologicaland statistical methods of measuring the level of latency, the researcher comes to the conclusion that the ratio betweenpotentially recorded and unknown facts of interference with the right to private life is close to 1:9, that is, for one…

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the regional distribution of administrative offenses in the field of ensuringroad traffic safety. It was established that, in absolute terms, the regions most affected by administrative offenses in the field of road traffic safety for the period 2019–2022 include: Kyiv (city), Dnipropetrovsk, Lviv, Odesa, Kharkiv, Kyiv,Zhytomyr, Volyn, Rivne, and Vinnytsia regions. These areas account for almost 60 % of all recorded administrative offensesin the field of road safety. In 2021, there were 237 administrative offenses in the field of ensuring road traffic safety forone violation of the rules of road traffic safety or the operation of transport by persons driving vehicles (Articles 286, 286–1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), and in 2022–226. Thus, the war had almost no effect on the average ratio of theseoffenses among themselves. The record holders in 2022 for the number of administrative offenses per criminal offensewere: Kyiv, Ternopil, Zakarpattia, Zhytomyr and Volyn oblasts. Donetsk, Kharkiv, Kherson, Mykolaiv, and Zaporizhiaregions showed…

The article prepared by the authors is devoted to the formulation of a false idea about the phenomenon of glorificationof the Russia’s armed aggression against Ukraine in the format of constructing hypothetical knowledge. This format makesit possible to investigate the socio-legal nature of the mentioned phenomenon as best as possible. It was concluded thathypotheses about the phenomenon of glorification in terms of its external form can be formulated either as a statementor as a question that needs further verification in order to refute or confirm the initial idea about the phenomenon underconsideration. At the same time, the hypotheses are quite diverse in terms of their importance and orientation. Someof them are meaningful, other hypotheses reveal individual signs and properties of glorification, and third hypothesesprovide insight into the existence of this phenomenon in perspective. However, all together, they, transforming froma hypothetical form of knowledge to true knowledge, will allow us to see all the dangers of the phenomenon of glorificationof Russia’s armed…

The article deals with the issues of strategic and tactical level of introduction of artificial intelligence technologiesinto public practice, with a special emphasis on their use in law enforcement and judicial activities.The author formulates the perspective tasks of legal regulation of artificial intelligence, including: 1) stimulatingsocially efficient use of technologies and minimizing the risks of their misuse; 2) ensuring maximum diversificationof technological solutions and technological neutrality; 3) transition to a new legal regulation scheme; 4) formationof «mixed justice» and «artificial intelligence justice»; 5) convergence of legal and technical sciences; 6) ensuring legalguarantees for the effective development of the information environment.The author outlines the risks of using artificial intelligence, such as privacy violations, behavioral manipulation,discrimination, and opacity, which correspond to the problems of using artificial intelligence systems to combat crime.The author analyzes the provisions of the draft AIA to classify artificial intelligence programs…

The article analyzes the data of the Prosecutor General’s Office regarding the registration and progress of criminalproceedings for domestic violence in 2022. The work also compared statistical data for the first half of 2021, 2022 and 2023.Such data indicate that in the first half of 2022, the number of recorded criminal offenses and, accordingly, other data,has significantly decreased. We assume that this reduction is due to the fact that in the conditions of a full-scale invasion,some persons lost access to law enforcement agencies due to the occupation and active hostilities. Also, the reason maybe the departure of a part of the family abroad or to other regions of Ukraine and the lack of physical contact betweenthe victim and the offender. After that, in 2023, there was a gradual increase of all the indicators approaching the dataof 2022. Special attention was paid in the work to the analysis of the practice of the ECHR and national law enforcementpractice regarding the establishment of signs of systematic domestic violence and the implementation of the principleof non bis in…

The article examines international standards and foreign experience of conducting court proceedings in the absenceof the accused (in absentia). The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the novelty of the institution of specialcourt proceedings for domestic criminal procedural legislation, as well as the European integration course of Ukraine,which requires research and consideration of international standards and foreign experience of special court proceedings.The purpose of the scientific article is to clarify the system of international standards of court proceedings in theabsence of the accused, as well as the best world practices in this area, and to establish their compliance with specialcourt proceedings under the legislation of Ukraine.It has been found that the possibility of conducting criminal proceedings in the absence of the suspect or accused (inabsentia) is provided for by the legislation of many European countries, including Albania, Bulgaria, Denmark, Estonia,Italy, France, Germany, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic and others.It has been established that…

Review to the monograph «Vision Zero Strategy: Lessons for Ukraine» head of the criminologicalresearch department of the Аcademician Stashis Scientific Research Institute for the Studyof Crime Problems National Academy of Law Sciences of Ukraine, candidate of legal sciences,senior researcher Maksym Gennadiyovych Kolodyazhny

The article analyzes the approaches available in science for defining the generic and specific aspects of the crimeof pimping and involvement in prostitution (Article 303 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine). It is indicated that one groupof lawyers holds the position that criminal offenses, for which liability is provided in Section XII of the Special part of theCriminal Code of Ukraine, have a single common generic object. This common object is inferred from the very nameof this section – public order and morality. At the same time, the second group of scholars defends the position that thissection contains two different (independent, separate) generic objects for the protection of criminal law.The conclusion drawn is that in scientific literature, morality is understood as a certain orderly phenomenon withrequirements for human behavior, rules, state, result, and order that is achieved when morality is observed. In the same case, when the norms of morality are violated, morality as a phenomenon is absent. It follows that morality is primaryto morality. Therefore, when determining the…

In the article, based on the analysis of the results of international and domestic research on victims of traffic accidents,the concept and definition of victim behavior of road users is formulated, the meaning of individual victimization of roadusers is clarified, and statistical data on victims of traffic accidents is researched, the main forms and manifestationsof victim behavior are revealed. Victim means dangerous behavior for a road user in a specific road situation. Suchbehavior creates or contributes to emergency situations, resulting in serious injury or death to the victims. It was establishedthat the following forms of victim behavior are characteristic of road traffic participants: violation of traffic rules by thevictim, which created an emergency situation and contributed to his injury or death; violation of traffic rules by severalroad users, which resulted in harm to life or health of one or more offenders or third parties; failure to comply withmandatory safety rules, which contributes to the injury or death of the subject of inaction. The last form of victim…

The constructive practices of forming hard skills and soft skills on the third educational and scientific level of highereducation, which are studied under the educational and scientific programme «Law» in the specialty 081 «Law» at theАcademician Stashis Scientific Research Institute for the Study of Crime Problems, the National Academy of the LawSciences of Ukraine, are presented in the article.It is emphasised that hard skills are the basis of professional competence of specialists in the specialty 081 «Law»,the basis of the structure of competences of a teacher-researcher of legal disciplines, and soft-skills are determinativein career development and formation of professional reputation of a specialist. They also help to assess the employee’scontribution to creating a productive environment in a professional team.The constructive practices for the formation of hard skills and soft-skills in students of the third educational-scientificlevel of higher education are: problem presentation of lecture material, lecture-discussions, binary classes, solving practicalcases within the…

Review of the scientific and practical manual «Innovative methods, tools and technologies in criminalistics and forensic examination»

The object of this study is the process of providing informational support to stakeholders of the life cycle of energy to ensure strategic management of energy systems with renewable energy sources. The task to improve and develop information technologies applied to the management of complex energy systems and the issue of their socialization and perception by people were tackled. Considerable attention was paid to the task of data visualization in order to improve the perception of information by users. An important aspect of the interaction of energy life cycle stakeholders during the management of energy systems was explored and the need to ensure their involvement and trust in information technology was emphasized. The research considers the development and implementation of interfaces for a decision support system in the management of energy microgrids using renewable energy sources such as solar panels and wind generators. The results include web application architecture design, user role assignment, user action modeling, and data visualization. Approaches to the distribution…

The problem of the reliability of measurements of rotational parameters of electric motors was solved, which was focused on the development of an algorithm for evaluating measurements under conditions of additional noise. An analysis of methodological approaches and mathematical tools used to process and interpret the uncertainty of measurement results was carried out. Cases where they may not be effective due to high noise levels were considered. To detect anomalies in the signal, an algorithm for assessing the reliability of measurements using fuzzy logic was proposed. A structural diagram of the model for measuring the torque of an electric motor under the conditions of a noisy signal was developed, where transfer functions were used to model the angular velocity and torque parameters. A method for detecting anomalies in noisy signals is presented, which identifies the amplitude and time characteristics of spiking pulses. The method includes the application of a wide range of analytical tools for deep analysis of signals and is particularly effective for detecting anomalies that…

The object of the research is the method of natural language processing (NLP) with balanced parameters of the BestMatch25 (ВМ25) algorithm to recognize and classify fake news based on natural language processing (NLP). The unsatisfactory accuracy and speed of existing methods for detecting fake news in unstructured input data demanded the development of a new approach for their effective detection. The study investigated the BM25 algorithm, methods for selecting parameters k1 and b, and their impact on the algorithm's effectiveness in detecting fake news. It was established that precise and detailed adjustment of these parameters is crucial in achieving optimal accuracy and data processing speed. The results showed that the successful selection of BM25 parameters improves the model's accuracy by up to 14 % compared to standard term frequency – inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) calculations. These results were made possible by experimentally tuning different combinations of k1 and b parameters, in which the algorithm shows the best speed indicator or the most accurate estimate of…

To date, probiotic medicinal products have a significant number of clinical studies, which is the basis for the formation of an evidence base and their inclusion in modern treatment standards. However, ideas about the optimal composition of a probiotic preparation and effective dosage remain problematic issues in modern medicine. Choosing an effective probiotic in gynecological practice is a particularly difficult and important issue.Objective of the review: to analyze the available clinical studies aimed at identifying strains of beneficial bacteria, their dosage, possible combinations in order to choose the optimal composition of a probiotic agent for the treatment of dysbiosis, including vaginal.Materials and methods. Modern methods recommended for theoretical analytical research were used: method of analysis, method of synthesis, method of induction. An electronic search was conducted in bibliographic databases, including PubMed, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL. 58 scientific publications were analyzed. Inclusion criteria were the following keywords: probiotics, optimal…

Clarification of the etiology of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), elucidating the reasons for the increase in repeated reproductive losses are an urgent topic that requires more detailed research attention. An analytical review was performed to effectively delineate our research field: research articles, analytical notes, clinical protocols, monographic studies, Cochrane systematic reviews with meta-analysis, data from population-based retrospective cohort studies, etc. A review of the listed literature sources and an analysis of the available data on the association between endocrine dysfunction, post-traumatic stress disorder and the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome were performed. Research in this area will be important for understanding the mechanisms that cause RPL, for the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies aimed at improving the reproductive health of women with traumatic experience of RPL.The frequency of premature termination of pregnancy is 10–25%, the part of RPL in this segment is more than 5%. Unfortunately, there are currently no…

Purpose. The main purpose of the study is to examine Kant’s first experience in creating a methodology for determining the holistic, spiritual nature of man, firstly, in terms of identifying the range of phenomena that should be included in the analysis of the spiritual essence of man, and secondly, this experience may be indicative for identifying dead ends in the research of spirituality of modern philosophers. Theoretical basis. The study is based on the methodology of philosophical anthropology formulated by M. Scheler, which, on the one hand, integrates the achievements of philosophy of life, phenomenology, existentialism and philosophical hermeneutics, and on the other hand, is based on the premise of the initial direct unity of the opposition of mental and physiological processes of human life. The basis for further expansion of the theoretical framework is the experience of spiritual practices of the Ancient East and religious practices of the Christian Middle Ages. Particularly noteworthy is the experience of modern psychotherapeutic practices, which, for all their…

The object of this study is the process of detection and tracking of air targets. The task being solved is to choose priorities between hardware and software solutions to eliminate structural contradictions in the design of a supporting and rotating device, which at the same time should ensure high speed and accuracy of tracking aerial objects for the optical-electronic station. A prototype of an optical-electronic station was designed and built. The study of the effect of eliminating structural contradictions by hardware and software methods on the accuracy characteristics of the supporting and rotating device was carried out. We have developed original specialized software for testing the accuracy of command execution. A procedure for testing the optical-electronic station has been devised. All conducted tests were performed in compliance with accepted norms and standards. The mechanism of influence of the method of controlling the servo drives of the supporting and rotating device on the characteristics of the optical-electronic station has been established. In this case, the…

The agricultural sector faces serious challenges related to climate change. These changes have the potential to reduce yields and food security, highlighting the importance of understanding and managing temperature dynamics. This work is the result of development a thermodynamic model that investigates the dynamics of temperature balance through heat energy transfer. A scheme of rheological heat exchange of an object with an insulated surface and graphs of irreversible rheological transformations are proposed. The main equation of heat exchange with a chemical reaction is given and the equation of the speed of heat energy transfer along the length of the object is derived. Further development of physical-mathematical models of the transformation of thermal energy into a set of states of the object is proposed. The experimental results fully correlate with the heat transfer equation. Samples with tomato seeds were irradiated with a photon irradiator with wavelengths of blue 450 nm, green 550 nm, red 650 nm with an exposure of 12/24 h. As a result, 90 % under the influence of the red…

The object of this study is the process of implementation of control measures with the help of distance learning technologies for students of technical specialties. The problem of the application of information and communication technologies for the effective implementation of final control during distance learning has been studied. An authentic algorithm for creating a test on the Moodle platform has been developed. The proposed algorithm is based on the use of the classical structure of the ticket, which allows implementing an approach to final control that is closest to the traditional one. This is important for assessing the acquired practical students competences of engineering specialties since for them the control measure may include a combination of textual, graphic, and computational tasks. The application of the algorithm in practice allows one to improve the quality of the final assessment by ensuring equal conditions for students, attracting the optimal set of tools for this, as well as identifying the student and thus ensuring the transparency of the control measure.…

The object of the research is the technology of constructing a computer ontology (CO) for electronic textbooks of the subject area (KSA). As an example, the industry is considered-information and communication technologies (ICT) and the topic "databases". The subject of the study are models and methods of automated construction of a CO of the KSA. The methodology of modification of CO in the field of ICT is proposed by introducing into the formal computer ontology a description of the technologies of the learning process for secondary schools or extracurricular institutions, as well as for professional retraining of specialists, which allows preserving and reusing the collective experience of learning in an educational institution. The proposed solution differs from the existing ones in that the system of ontologized design of electronic courses (SODEC). It allows to automate the development of electronic courses (EC) and / or electronic textbooks (ET), reduces the cost and time of preparing ET, ensures compliance of EC with the current state in the field of ICT. As an example, the…

An electrostatic field mill (EFM) is widely used to measure the strength of electrostatic fields, the main drawback of which is the occurrence of large measurement errors (up to 15 % in the range from 0 to 1 kV/m). This paper examines the aspects of using transimpedance amplifiers (TIAs) for the tasks of converting the current received from the EFM sensor into voltage, which will make it possible to reduce the instrumental error and ensure the linearity of the atmospheric electrostatic field strength measurement. In the general case, for the functional circuits of the electrostatic field mill, which include a differential transimpedance amplifier, there is the use of two TIA circuits, which are connected in parallel. Despite the simplicity of implementation, such a configuration contains a number of disadvantages and is not optimal. In the paper, a comparative analysis of a typical circuit of a differential TIA and a circuit of an ungrounded differential transimpedance amplifier with zero voltage drop proposed by the authors is carried out. As a result of the analysis, it was…

The design and analysis of the effectiveness of modern integrated information protection systems (IIPS) is complicated by the influence of the designer's subjective decisions regarding methods and means of protection, the need to determine the quality criteria for the functioning of the designed objects. The work is aimed at improving the technology of automated design of IIPS by determining the quality of projects. When creating a database (DB) of objects with such "qualitative" performance indicators of information protection systems, it is possible to compare existing and new protection objects and to adjust the protection projects of existing objects. Moreover, the ontological properties of active and threat-resistant objects are taken into account. To illustrate the use of the methodology for determining and comparing the quality of projects, an example of comparing the quality of projects obtained in different ways is given. One way currently operating involves the use of expert evaluation of the quality of protection projects for existing facilities. The second way is…

Background. In recent years, there have been active disputes and disagreements among international sports leaders, including representatives of the International Olympic Committee, about the possibility of including transgender athletes in the number of participants in the Olympic Games. Objective of the review: to analyze of the modern scientific literature data to substantiate the possibility of admitting transgender women to participate in the women’s competitions of the Olympic Games. Review results indicate that the number of transgender candidates for participation in sports of higher achievements may be caused by the increase in the transgender population in the world. Currently, there is no significant scientific evidence on the biological benefits that hinder the integrity of transgender women’s competition in women’s sports. There is also no evidence that transgender women who have opted for testosterone suppression (e.g. hormone therapy to confirm sex and/or surgical removal of the sex glands) retain an indefinite advantage over cisgender athletes. To be more precise,…

Purpose. This research involves revealing the methodological significance of the anthropological understanding of values for conducting modern scientific research. Theoretical basis. Philosophical anthropology acts as an epistemological basis for answers to ontological questions that are part of the structure of such problems in modern science as the construction of a scientific picture of the world, the ordering of data of natural attitude, and anthropocosmism. The ontological basis for the formation of the anthropological theory of values is the teaching of Wilhelm Leibniz, Immanuel Kant, Rudolf Lotze, and Martin Heidegger. Originality. The creation of a scientific picture of the world, the research of natural attitude, and an anthropological approach to cosmology carried out from the viewing angle of the philosophy of values show the close mutual conditioning of these scientific issues. A successful determination of one’s value positions by a scientist-researcher is impossible without his/her agreeing with his/her picture of the world with the prevailing ideas about the world in…

Purpose. The article presents a descriptive characteristic of the functioning of a person’s attitude to oneself, the formation of self-awareness through a combination of one’s emotional and creative features with the components of attitude toward oneself, which allows one to study in depth the process of formation and development of a mature, adapted personality. Theoretical basis. The existing variety of scientific approaches makes it difficult to systematize the aspect under study and prevents the formation of a clear structure of a person’s attitude toward oneself. The study of self-consciousness of the personality remains relevant in connection with a wide range of issues related to the development of knowledge of the mechanisms that act as internal determinants of the individual originality of the personality’s life realization. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is as follows: the principles of determinism of mental phenomena, the activity concept of self-consciousness, the provision on the regulative function of emotions in activity, the concept of creative…

In this paper, the object of the research is 110 kV power grids of three regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan: Astana city, Turkestan region and Shymkent city, as well as West Kazakhstan region. Operators of the studied power grids have no idea about the real levels of voltage and current sinusoidality distortion coefficients, as well as about their relationship with other regime and system parameters of power grids. Similar problems may be faced by other grid companies that do not have the appropriate information and measurement infrastructure to monitor the modes of power grids in terms of voltage and current sinusoidality distortion. In the course of the present study, using portable three-phase power quantity and quality analyzers, it was possible to make daily measurements of mode parameters in 41 110 kV transmission lines with a length of 5 to 120 km. The results of measurements showed that in Astana city, the voltage quality is at a satisfactory level, but the distortion coefficient of sinusoidality of current reaches 39 % (the average level for 15 studied lines is 13.3 %)…

Встановлено, що вагінальний прогестерон не тільки знижує ризик викидня та передчасних пологів, але й здатний зменшити ризик гіпертензивних розладів, що виникають під час вагітності, зокрема прееклампсії та гестаційної гіпертензії

The purpose of the article is to comprehend the Husserlian model of constituting temporal modes through the ability of intentional "retentional-protentional" consciousness, as well as to clarify the possibility of interpreting its positions in the reconstruction of the concept of anthropic time. Theoretical basis. The theoretical framework of the research includes: 1) the interpretation of the phenomenological reflection of "time-consciousness" by E. Husserl in the context of solving the problem of phased-differentiation of this form of temporality; 2) the concept of anthropic time (V. Khanzhy). Originality. For the first time in the research literature, the possibilities of applying the ideas of Husserl to the reconstruction of the concept of anthropic time are considered through the interpretation of the phenomenological solution to the problem of temporality, proposed and specified in Husserl’s "time-consciousness" concept. Conclusions. According to Husserl, the structure of human time-consciousness is instantiated in three spheres of passivity: prerefleсtive cogito, embodiment,…

The research focused on two-mass electromechanical systems widely utilized in industry. The challenge addressed in this work was to improve the synthesis of controllers for such systems to simplify it and enhance the quality of transition processes. Traditionally, the synthesis of control system loops for these systems was carried out using integer controllers and standard forms. However, this approach led to the synthesis of complex integer controllers that are difficult to implement. To overcome this issue, an original approach to the synthesis of control system loops based on the fractional characteristic polynomial is proposed. The fractional characteristic polynomial ensures the desired quality of the transition process given the implementation of a specified structure of the fractional controller. A new method of structural-parametric synthesis of fractional-order controllers is developed for the case of their cascade connection in multi-loop two-mass electromechanical systems. Additionally, an algorithm for synthesizing fractional-order controllers for the corresponding…

The theoretical possibilities of increasing the resolution and sensitivity of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer with orthogonal ion injection are considered. The effects are achieved by using inhomogeneous electrostatic fields of special configurations both in the accelerating and focusing parts of the device – a cylindrical immersion objective and a transaxial mirror, respectively. It is shown that the use of an inhomogeneous cylindrical field of a special configuration as an ion accelerator opens up the possibility of a multiple reduction in the energy spread of ions in injected ion packets, associated with the so-called "turnaround time" and, therefore, a significant (two or more times) increase in the limiting resolution of the mass spectrometer. The use of a transaxial electrostatic mirror as a time-of-flight mass analyzer makes it possible to significantly increase the sensitivity of the mass-spectrometer due to the implementation of triple space-time-of-flight focusing of ion packets. Key features include reduced ion energy spread, increased maximum resolution, and improved…

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are two common non-infectious pathologies. Their frequency and medico-social significance have increased significantly over the past decades and reflect the effects of radical changes in human lifestyle on human health in a transgenerational aspect. Due to absence a complete understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of PCOS and NAFLD, modern medicine still does not have etiopathogenetic methods of treating these frequent diseases. Considering epidemiological and pathogenetic data PCOS and NAFLD can be regarded as related pathologies, which creates the prospect of improving the effectiveness of their management if the joint approach to scientific research and implementation of their results in medical practice is applied.The purpose of the review is to summarize the current scientific data on the common pathophysiological and clinical relationships between PCOS and NAFLD, which can contribute to improving the effectiveness management of both diseases.Pathogenetic relationships between PCOS and NAFLD…

In the modern world, medical data leakage has many external and internal threats. Information systems of medical organizations are constantly subject to various types of cyber-attacks and unauthorized penetration attempts, which leads to the publication of patient medical data online. Existing authentication schemes using blockchain technologies in medical organization systems ensure the integrity of medical data and secure access to patient data. However, one of the serious reasons for unauthorized access to the healthcare system is the human factor, which manifests itself in a negligent attitude towards account security, non-compliance with the rules and policies of information security, and transferring to third parties personal login details to the information system of a medical organization. This paper proposes a solution to this problem through an improved two-step authentication scheme using cloud technology and blockchain. The combined use of cloud technologies and blockchain is a distinctive feature of the proposed authentication scheme since it provides two levels of…

The object of this study is a neural network for recognizing handwritten digits based on the TensorFlow library using the backpropagation algorithm. The main problem addressed is the development of an effective model with high recognition accuracy. Working on such a task is important as it allows understanding how algorithms and models can effectively work with real data and helps improve machine learning techniques. It has been determined that after 20 training epochs, the loss function is 0.105, and the recognition accuracy is 0.976, comparable to human recognition capability. The classification report indicates that the model is effectively trained on training data and demonstrates high accuracy on test data, capable of generalizing information to new examples. Visualization of recognition results confirms that the model correctly recognizes even poorly written digits. The results can be explained by the peculiarities of the model architecture, optimal selection of hyperparameters, and successful use of the backpropagation algorithm, which was not explicitly specified during…

At the moment, there are some inaccuracies in manual classification for tobacco leaf quality selection, which are influenced by some factors, such as human fatigue or poor lighting. These cases lead to the need for another method that is more consistent, faster and reliable. This research is an implementation of CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) in the classification of fresh tobacco leaves in terms of maturity grades. The primary objective is to develop an efficient CNN model capable to automize the classification of tobacco leaves into three maturity criteria: immature, mature, and old. This methodology consists of some key factors, including color thresholding strategies to purge the noise from the background, Basic Image Manipulation approaches, the systemized screening of different input sizes, and CNN models to enhance the results. The result of this research proves that the developed CNN model has 97.9 % accuracy achieved following 200 training sessions. The model is trained on a dataset comprising 1,249 fresh leaf photos, with a balanced 80:10:10 for train, validation and…

The theoretical foundations of the essence and organization of the economic environment of border areas are generalized.The features of its transformation are outlined on the basis of the analysis of changes in the qualitative and quantitative characteristicsof its structural elements in the context of deepening European integration processes. The priorities of the EU RegionalPolicy in the field of regulating the development of internal and external border regions are outlined and the main instrumentsfor its implementation are structured. The development of border regions is monitored by the main socio-economic indicators oftheir development. The factors of formation and functioning of the shadow sector of the regional economy are substantiated andsystematized, and the main methods of its assessment are summarized. Promising directions for the development of border areasin the context of liberalization of foreign economic activity are identified, and relevant proposals to public authorities and localgovernments are prepared. According to The EU Action Plan for the border regions is…

The article examines the current trends in the development of international road transport in the context of cargo transportationby Ukraine with the EU Member States and analyzes the main factors of influence of development factors on the currentstate of the road transport system based on the technical, legal and economic basis of this type of foreign economic activity.The author considers the concept of "international transportation" and carries out a critical analysis based on the subjectiveand objective directions of definitions from various sources, characterizes the defining features of road transportation in termsof the regulatory and legal component, and determines the impact of modern challenges on the importance of road transport inUkraine's foreign trade. The analysis of road transport in international transportation in relation to others is carried out andthe technical features of international transportation with the countries of the European Union are characterized. On the basisof current statistical data, the author analyzes the domestic market of freight transport and…

The constant progress of science and technology, as well as the means of processing and transmitting information and theInternet in particular, has led to the massive spread of digital tools in all aspects of social activity. This leads to a major transformationof the economic and industrial infrastructure, has a significant positive effect on business development, but also has acorresponding effect on the development of crime. Thus, real and potential threats require special attention, particularly in thecontext of the global security crisis, the spread of wars and armed hybrid conflicts, and the increasing use of digital infrastructurefor military purposes. The methods used in the paper include statistical, general mathematical, comparative, dialectical,systematic approach, and system analysis. The graphical method was used to build graphs, and presentation of the study usesthe historical method. This article chronologically reveals the consistently contradictory role of economic digitalization in thestate’s economic security in times of war. Based on the experience of the digital…

In the conditions of active development of digital technologies and increased competition for consumers' spending, domesticindustrial marketing has essentially shifted its focus towards qualitatively new tools and technologies to achieve marketinggoals in the industrial sector. Under these conditions, it goes through a series of specific transformations, gradually evolvinginto a quite flexible system that uses adjusted strategies, reactive methods, and variable approaches to promote and sell productsand services in the industrial market. Therefore, the article aims to study the nature and content of modern transformationsin industrial marketing models in Ukraine. The research results highlight the fact that the contemporary transformations inindustrial marketing models in Ukraine are characterized by the nature of change that emphasizes adjusted strategies, reactivemethods, and adaptable approaches to meet the evolving demands of consumers, competitive pressures, and technological possibilities.These transformations exhibit the following features: gradual hybridization of marketing…

The role of the circular economy in the context of sustainable development of Ukraine is studied. It is noted that in modernrealities, problems related to the ecological condition of all regions of the country are becoming more acute. At the same time, sucha sphere of the circular economy as the treatment of waste that arises in the process of production and circulation comes to thefore. It is emphasized that effective management of existing resources and new methods of waste disposal is extremely importantfor Ukraine on the way to European integration. The scientific works of scientists dealing with ecological and economic problemswere studied and an insufficient number of studies aimed at assessing the factors affecting waste management was noted. It ishighlighted that in modern conditions in Ukraine, a linear model of the economy has been introduced, which is characterized byexcessive waste generation and low efficiency of resource use. The article describes the process of Ukraine's transition to the principlesof a circular economy, which takes into account the tasks set by the…

The article examines the actual scientific and practical problem of generalizing methodological and applied approaches forsubstantiating the prospects of production (investment) internationalization for manufacturers of building materials. Special attentionhas been paid to the internationalization of the Ukrainian manufacturing business and the justification of the type of internationalizationstrategy in terms of the perspective of EU membership, as well as the challenges of the construction industryregarding the objective reduction of domestic demand for the products of manufacturers of building materials. It has been notedthat in the conditions of globalization, it is characteristic for sustainable innovative production companies to create branchesabroad in those countries where there are the most favorable conditions for the components of the single innovation chain"development of an innovative product-production-market". The author emphasizes that Ukrainian construction exporting enterprisesshould pay attention to promising directions for occupying the most dynamic niches of the…

Digitalisation initiatives and strategies are part of the country's overall efforts to adapt to the digital economy and society,as well as to increase its competitiveness at the national and global level. The article is concerned with developing a methodologicalapproach to the formation of a strategy for the digital economy sector based on the development of elements ofthe institutional environment. The methodological basis of the study is modern economic institutional theories, the object ofanalysis of which is the institutional dynamics of the environment. The paper proposes a vision of integrated strategic planningthat integrates a set of strategies – a portfolio of strategies at different levels, sectors and economic agents, formed to achievespecific goals of digital transformation. It is determined that the overall strategy consists of three elements: a strategy for thedevelopment of the DES, a strategy for the transformation of traditional sectors of the economy based on the introduction ofelements of the digital economy; a strategy for the development of digital space. Based…

The article examines the marketing aspects of ensuring the competitiveness of enterprises in the confectionery industry.The purpose of the article is to analyze the factors affecting the level of competitiveness of enterprises in the confectionery industryand to study marketing tools influencing their activity. The topic of the article is relevant, because even in crisis conditions,the confectionery industry continues to maintain the appropriate level of competitiveness. The object of research in the article isthe domestic market of the confectionery industry. The domestic confectionery market is so quite competitive. This is an incentivefor innovation, quality and variety, which is in demand among consumers. Marketing strategies such as advertising, branding,and celebrity or influencer partnerships are critical to success in the confectionery market, helping to attract consumerattention and increase sales. The competitiveness of the enterprise depends on its internal state and external position. In modernbusiness conditions, the anti-crisis management system should be aimed at…

Due to pandemic and full-scale war in Ukraine the work of shops, shopping centers, catering companies is restricted; alsomany enterprises are closed, unemployment rate is too high. This situation results in decreasing the quality of recreation andstopping tourist travelling. However, tourist industry enables people to receive positive impressions, broaden outlook, learn newculture and history. Moreover, it fosters the income of population, region and country to grow. The development of craft businesscan help to reach the pre-war and pre-quarantine returns from the tourist business. That is why the study of peculiarities, featuresand activities of craft production is relevant. The purpose of research is to analyze the range of goods in craft productionavailable in the south of Ukraine. The research is aimed for defining impact of above-mentioned goods on the advancement ofother spheres of economic activity. From SWOT-based analysis of craft business the fact arises that the demand on natural andunique products is increasing with the competition between craft producers. It should be…

It was established that the imbalance of territorial and sectoral plans and programs in the implementation of strategies forthe development of territorial communities causes insufficient orientation of local self-government to the same goals and tasksdefined at the state level. It has been proven that an important issue today is the substantiation of the methodological foundationsof the transformation of the existing system of strategic planning of territorial communities with a focus on the implementationof the principles of sustainable development. Thus, solving the tasks of sustainable development of territorial communitiesshould be implemented taking into account the existing ecological and economic imperatives and interrelationships in the"society – environment – business" system. At the same time, in modern conditions, the use of one of the scientific approachesin the strategic planning of the development of territorial communities to achieve goals and comply with the principles ofsustainable development is insufficiently effective and efficient. Based on this, the…