How to respond to reviewer comments

Major revisions are an invitation, not a rejection. The response letter is its own genre — point-by-point, gracious, and precise — and doing it well is one of the most learnable skills in academic publishing.

Read the decision like an editor

First, decode the decision letter. "Major revision" means the editor sees a publishable paper if you do the work — acceptance rates after major revisions are high. Second, let the first emotional read cool before acting; every researcher drafts an indignant rebuttal in their head, and no good response letter ever contains it. Third, triage the comments into three piles: clear improvements (do them), misunderstandings (fix the text that allowed the misreading), and genuine disagreements (rebut, politely, with evidence).

The misunderstanding pile deserves special respect: if a qualified reviewer misread you, future readers will too. "The reviewer is wrong" and "the text needs fixing" are usually both true.

The point-by-point format

The universal convention: quote every comment verbatim and numbered, respond directly beneath it, and for every change state what changed and where ("We now report the power analysis in Section 2.2, p. 8, lines 143–150"). Never make a reviewer hunt for the change. Visually distinguish comment from response (italics vs roman, or indentation), and keep a consistent scheme across reviewers (R1.3 = Reviewer 1, comment 3).

Open the letter with a short paragraph thanking the reviewers and summarizing the largest changes in three or four sentences — editors often read only this and the contested points. Where a comment required no change, say why, not just "no change made".

How to disagree and still get accepted

You are allowed to push back — editors expect it, and reviewers are wrong at a measurable rate. The formula that works: acknowledge the concern’s legitimacy, present your evidence or reasoning, and where possible give ground somewhere adjacent (add the caveat to the limitations, run the robustness check, cite the alternative view). "We respectfully disagree, for the following reasons… We have, however, added a paragraph acknowledging this perspective (p. 14)" wins; "As we already stated in the manuscript…" loses.

For genuinely unreasonable requests — a new study’s worth of experiments, a demand to cite the reviewer’s own papers en masse — respond to the underlying concern, do the proportionate version, and if needed flag the conflict to the editor in the cover note. The editor, not Reviewer 2, makes the decision.

When reviewers contradict each other

Reviewer 1 wants the section expanded; Reviewer 2 wants it cut. Do not silently pick a side: name the conflict in both responses, state your resolution and its rationale, and invite the editor to adjudicate if they see it differently. Editors handle this daily and respect authors who surface it cleanly.

Logistics that quietly matter

Small mechanical habits that improve outcomes:

  • Submit a tracked-changes (or latexdiff) version alongside the clean manuscript — many venues require it, all editors appreciate it.
  • Respond to every single comment, including the trivial typo ones ("Corrected, thank you").
  • Match the deadline; ask for an extension early if the requested analyses genuinely need it.
  • Keep the tone uniform even if one reviewer was hostile — the letter is read as a whole.
  • Re-read the original decision letter last: editors often add their own must-do list beyond the reviews.

Where Kahubi fits

Kahubi’s peer-review flow can run a pre-submission review so fewer comments arrive in the first place. For revisions, version history with visual diffs tracks exactly what changed for the response letter; the agent drafts point-by-point responses in your voice from your notes on each comment; and requested analyses — the extra robustness check, the reworked table — run in the same workspace and land in the manuscript.

Last updated 2026-08-07.

Frequently asked questions

How long should a response to reviewers be?
As long as the comments require — response letters of 5–15 pages are normal for major revisions and signal diligence, not defensiveness. What editors penalize is padding and evasion, not length.
Do I have to do everything the reviewers ask?
No. You must respond to everything; you must do what improves the paper; you may decline the rest with reasons and evidence. Papers are routinely accepted with several polite, well-argued refusals in the response letter.
What if I think the rejection or review was unfair?
Most journals have an appeals process, but use it sparingly — appeals succeed mainly on demonstrable factual error or procedural failure, not disagreement about significance. Often the faster route is revising with the useful comments and submitting to the next venue.

Related

Revisions without the dread

Pre-submission review, tracked diffs, and point-by-point response drafts in your voice. Free plan included.